Preparing for kindergarten is an important topic for many parents, early childhood educators, and daycare providers. In our interview with Dr. Gloria Rothenberg, clinical psychologist and school psychologist at the Plainview-Old Bethpage Kindergarten Center in New York, Dr. Rothenberg describes signs of kindergarten readiness in the areas of concept development, physical, social, and emotional development, number concepts, language, and reading and writing.
OwnADaycare: What are some signs of kindergarten readiness that parents and child care center owners should look for with respect to language and writing and reading?
Dr. Rothenberg:
Language:
Speaks in full sentences and can maintain a topic for at least 2 exchanges
Understands and can follow 2 step directions
Uses language to interact in play and to express needs
Can label simple items in pictures and books
Can repeat a sentence spoken by another
Can remember directions given in a large group to perform some activity on his/her own (e.g., “When you get your paper, write your name at the top and draw an apple”.)
Can report their name on demand
Can name items in simple categories such as colors, animals, foods, drinks, toys, clothes, body parts
Writing and reading: Neither reading nor writing are expected upon entrance to kindergarten. Concepts of print such as how to hold and turn the pages of a book, that the pictures are related to the story, and being able to listen to a story book are adequate. Exposure to the alphabet, such as singing it and identifying letters visually is common among preschoolers. Knowing some nursery rhymes is helpful when the concept of letter-sound association is taught. Knowing the letters in one’s own name and being able to attempt to write it are common. Pre-writing concepts such as top/middle/bottom, up/down, straight lines /curved or loopy lines are very useful. The willingness to try writing and drawing activities is more important than the ability to produce an accurate product at this age.
OwnADaycare: Are preschool readiness programs necessary or advisable?
Dr. Rothenberg: They are extremely helpful in providing the child with opportunities to develop social skills, listening skills, and the concept that we all follow rules to function in a group or community. They also provide language enrichment activities and exposure to a wide variety of play materials and creative media to spark imagination. They also rescue many children from an over-reliance upon visual media (TV, computer, and video games) in the home setting in the current culture.
OwnADaycare: In your opinion, can a child who has never attended preschool be as successful in kindergarten as a child who has attended preschool?
Dr. Rothenberg: In my experience, they spend the first 2-3 months working on the social-emotional adjustment of being outside the home and following a set of group rules and expectations. This leaves less energy and attention for absorbing the specific curriculum in literacy and math, so they may be somewhat behind academically by the end of kindergarten, but most are likely to catch up by the third grade when a great deal of academic, cognitive and study skills get consolidated for typical children.
OwnADaycare: Do you have any additional comments/tips?
Dr. Rothenberg: The current high pressure testing mentality in education has created unnecessary anxiety in parents about academic preparation for kindergarten. The social-emotional goals and the establishment of a safe, nurturing community where each child feels valued and is eager to learn and share with others, is a much more important goal for fostering lifelong learning and resilience as problem solvers in the real world.
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